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Nevus anemicus
Nevus anemicus is a congenital disorder characterized by macules of varying size and shape that are paler than the surrounding skin and cannot be made red by trauma, cold, or heat.〔James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. Page 582. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.〕 The paler area is due to the blood vessels within the area which are more sensitive to the body’s normal vasoconstricting chemicals.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dermatologic Disease Database )〕
==Symptoms==
This benign patch appears on the skin at birth or in early childhood. In most people these are under 10cm in size. If there is doubt about the diagnosis, rubbing the area causes the skin around the lesion to become red while the lesion itself does not change in color.〔 Often the patches are difficult to see against the background color of the patient’s skin, but if sunburn develops, then the white area stands out prominently.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Global Skin Atlas )〕 The involved area is lighter than the normal skin, not because of a loss of pigment occurs, but because blood vessels are constricted, producing a permanent blanching of the area. This blanching is a functional rather than a structural abnormality, presumed to be caused by local increased sensitivity to catecholamines.〔McMillan , Julia A; DeAngelis, Catherine D.; Feigin, Ralph D.; Warshaw, Joseph B. (2006). ''Oski's Pediatrics, Principles & Practice''. (4th ed.). Page 458. ISBN 978-0-7817-1618-5.〕 Although the cutaneous vasculature appears normal histologically, the blood vessels within the nevus do not respond to injection of vasodilators. It has been postulated that the persistent pallor may represent a sustained localized adrenergic vasoconstriction.〔Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 19th. (10th ed.). W.B. Saunders Company. Page 640. ISBN 1-4377-0755-6.〕 Results of a skin biopsy would be interpreted as normal and only physiological testing can reveal the nevus in contrast to normal skin. Stroking the patch elicits no red flare. Only the normal skin would react with a characteristic erythematous response. Examination under a Wood lamp can also reveal the nevus anemicus patch will not emphasize as a patch of vitiligo would.〔Barber Kirk (2010). Consultant For Pediatricians '. Page 9:233, 237.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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